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Objective To explore the effect of particulate matter (PM 2.5) on airway inflammation in asthmatic mice and the intervention effect of Honokiol.Methods Fifty female BALB/c mice were divided into 5 groups according random number table,group A:normal control group;group B:asthma model group;group C:PM 2.5 low dose exposure asthma group;group D:PM 2.5 high dose exposure asthma group:group E:Honokiol group.Asthmatic mouse models were established by ovalbumin(OVA) sensitization and challenge.On day 0 and 7,B-E groups were intraperitoneally with injection 100 mg/L OVA and Al (OH)3 for sensitization;on day 14 to 21,10 g/L OVA solution was given 30 min per day to challenge.During challenge phrase,C-D groups were received different doze intratracheal injection of PM 2.5 respectively,every 7 days,total 4 times.On this basis,the mice in group E received Honokiol intragastfic administration.The mice in group A were carried out by using saline instead of OVA.Mice were sacrificed 24 h after the final inhalation challenge,and for the recovered bronchoalveolarlavage fluid(BALF) of the left lung was used for differential inflammatory cell counts,HE staining and pathological examination were performed on the right lung.The expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB at mRNA level were detected by real-time flurescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).Flow cytometry analysis was performed to measure the levels of Th17 and Treg cells.Results Compared with group A,mice in group B,group C and group D expressed more serious disorsers of bronchial epithelial cells,alveolar wall congestion and edema,increased mucus secretion in the airway and infiltration of inflammatory cells in lung,and those in group D was more obvious than those in group C and group E,significantly reduced respiratory inflammation compared with group E[(8.56 ± 3.28) × 108/L,0.041 5 ± 0.013 5],the total number of inflammatory cell counts in group C and group D were (20.28 ± 11.16) × 108/L and (27.38 ± 14.64) × 108/L,eosinophils proportion were 0.177 8 ±0.064 9 and 0.229 1 ±0.098 7,there were statistically significant differences(all P ＜ 0.05);compared with group E (1.60 ± 0.28,1.54 ± 0.25),the expression of TLR4 mRNA and NF-κB mRNA in group C and group D (2.56 ± 0.49,3.21 ± 0.61;2.42 ± 0.30,2.83 ± 0.32) were significantly higher,and there were statistically significant differences(all P ＜0.05),group D was more higher than those in group C (all P ＜ 0.05);compared with group E(0.018 3 ± 0.002 3),the expression of Th17 in group C and group D (0.043 9 ±0.008 9 and 0.052 2 ±0.011 8) were significantly higher,and there were statistically significant differences(all P ＜0.05);compared with group E(0.064 5 ±0.003 8),the expression of Treg in group C and group D (0.038 2 ± 0.004 2) and (0.022 7 ± 0.003 3) were significantly lower,and there were statistically significant differences(all P ＜ 0.05);and those of group E were improved remarkably.Conclusion PM 2.5 exposure can aggravate airway inflammation in asthmatic mice,and the damage to airway is more obvious when exposed to high dose of PM 2.5,Honokiol can relieve PM 2.5 exposure of asthmatic airway inflammation through down regulation the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB and Th17 and regulating the balance of Th17 and Treg cells.
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Objective To investigate the protective effect of Honokiol on the airway inflammation induced by particulate matter 2.5(PM2.5)in the asthmatic mice and its mechanism.Methods Fifty male specific pathogen free (SPF)Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups.Group A:normal control group;group B:asthmatic model group;group C:PM2.5 exposure asthmatic group;group D:TAK -242 group;group E:Honokiol group. Asthmatic mouse models were established by ovalbumin(OVA)sensitization and challenge.On days 0 and 7,the mice in B-E groups were injected intraperitoneally with injection 100 mg/L OVA and aluminum hydroxide for sensitization;on days 14 to 21,10 g/L OVA solution was given 30 min per day to challenge.During challenge phrase,the mice in C -E groups received intratracheal injection of PM2.5,every other day,4 times totally.On this basis,the mice in group D re-ceived TAK-242 intraperitoneal injection,and the mice in group E received honokiol intragastric administration.Group A was given saline instead of OVA.Animals were sacrificed 24 h after the final inhalation challenge,and the bronchoal-veolar lavage fluid(BALF)of the left lung was used for differential inflammatory cell counts.The expressions of Toll-like receptors 4(TLR4)and nuclear factor(NF)-κB at mRNA level were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Flow cytometry analysis was performed to measure the levels of Th17 and Treg cells.Results Compared with group A,mice in group B and group C expressed more serious disorders of bronchial epithelial cells,alveolar wall congestion and edema,increased mucus secretion in the airway and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lung,and those in group C were more obvious than those of group B and group E significantly reduced respiratory inflammation;compared with group A[(4.15 ± 1.35)×108/L,0.012 0 ± 0.002 3],the total number of inflammatory cell counts[(16.79 ± 5.62)×108/L and(24.58 ± 13.46)×108/L],eosinophils proportions(0.113 8 ± 0.022 3 and 0.197 8 ± 0.084 9)in group B and group C,were significantly higher,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05);The total number of inflammatory cell counts and eosinophils proportion in group E(8.56 ± 3.28)×108/L and 0.041 5 ± 0.013 5)were significantly lower than those in group C,and the differences were statistically significant(all P <0.05);The expressions of TLR4 mRNA and NF-κB mRNA in group B and C(1.85 ± 0.56,1.82 ± 0.28 and 2.97 ± 0.41,2.83 ± 0.32)were significantly higher,and the differences were statistically significant(all P <0.05);The expressions of TLR4 mRNA and NF-κB mRNA in group E(1.60 ± 0.28,1.54 ± 0.25)was significantly lower than those in group C,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05);the expressions of Th17 in group B and C[(2.89 ± 0.61)% and(4.96 ± 0.27)%]were significantly higher than those of group A[(1.03 ± 0.35)%] (all P<0.05);The expression of Th17 in group E[(1.83 ± 0.23)%]was significantly lower than that of group C,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);the expressions of Treg in group B and C[(4.96 ± 0.35)%and(2.27 ± 0.41)%]were significantly lower than those of group A[(7.37 ± 0.56)%],and the differences were sta-tistically significant(all P<0.05);The expression of Treg in group E was significantly increased[(6.45 ± 0.38)%] compared with that in group C,and the difference were statistically significant(P<0.05);and those of group D and E were improved remarkably.Conclusions Honokiol can relieve PM2.5 exposure of asthmatic airway inflammation through down-regulating the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB and Th17 and regulating the balance of Th17 and Treg cells.
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Objective To investigate the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of honokiol in a mouse model of particulate matter ( PM ) 2.5-induced asthma .Methods Female SPF BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups:normal saline group (group A), ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized group ( group B), PM2.5-exposed+OVA-sensitized group ( group C), dexamethasone-treated group (group D) and honokiol-treated group (group E).All mice except those in group A were sensitized and challenged with OVA, and the mice in groups C, D and E were exposed to PM2.5 every two days since the first challenge.Samples of lung sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) to observe in-flammatory infiltration.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and PBMCs were collected from each mouse . Expression of RORγt and Foxp3 at mRNA level was detected by quantitative real-time PCR.Flow cytometry analysis was performed to measure the percentages of Th 17 and Treg cells.ELISA was performed to measure the levels of IFN-γ, IL-10 and IL-17 in the supernatants of cell culture .Results Compared with group B , group C showed an enhanced expression of RORγt at mRNA level, increased IL-17 level and up-regulated percentage of Th17 cells (all P<0.05), but a suppressed expression of Foxp3 at mRNA level, decreased IL-10 level and down-regulated percentage of Th17 cells (all P<0.05).No significant difference in the per-centage of Th1 cells or in the expression of Th 1-related cytokines was observed .The expression of RORγt at mRNA level, IL-17 level and the percentage of Th 17 cells were decreased in PM2.5-exposed mice upon honokiol intervention (all P<0.05), while the expression of Foxp3 at mRNA level, IL-10 level and the per-centage of Treg cells were increased after honokiol intervention (all P<0.05).Honokiol had similar efficacy to dexamethasone in the treatment of asthma .Conclusion Honokiol can alleviate airway inflammation in mice with PM2.5 exposure-induced asthma through regulating the percentages of Th 17 and Treg cells.
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Objective To preliminarily test the value of gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire (GERD-Q) in auxiliary diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) in infants and young children.Methods From January 2011 to February 2014,148 infants and 87 young children with suspected GERD symptoms were enrolled in the outpatient and inpatient departments of Wuhan Women and Children's Medical Care Center.The diagnosis of GERD were made through 24 h esophageal pH monitoring and upper gastrointestinal hysterosalpingography.Those with any examinations being positive were brought into GERD group,and the others into the control group.All cases had been surveyed with GERD-Q.Using SPSS17.0 statistical software,the ratio was compared with chi-square test,and the difference of the scores between groups with t test.Results In infants (1 to 11 months),the individual symptom scores (ISS) of the 6 symptoms in the GERD group (n =111) were all higher than those in the control group (37 cases) (P ＜ 0.05),and the composite and symptom scores (CSS) [(131.43 ± 66.56) scores] in the GERD group was higher than that [(33.70 ± 40.03) scores] in the control group (t =8.42,P ＜ 0.05).In young children (1 to 3 years old),the ISS in the GERD group(55 cases) were all higher than those in the control group(32 cases),and the CSS[(98.58 ± 66.75) scores] in the GERD group was also higher than that [(28.50 ± 35.95) scores] in the control group(t =5.49,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions There is a good correlation for age-specific GERD-Q to distinguish GERD symptoms in infants and young children,which is suitable for the assessment of GERD.
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To evaluate the efficacy of interferon inhalation by PARI inhaler boy with bronchiolitis, 110 children were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 included 64 cases who received interferon inhalation by PARI inhaler boy(made in Germany) and the other 46 patients who didn' t received interferon by PARI inhaler boy served as group 2. The effects were compared between the two groups in term of wheezing rale disappearance time, rale absorbing time and hospital stay time. Our results showed that wheezing rale disappearance time in group 1 was shorter than that in group 2( t = 6. 143, P＜ 0.01 ); rale absorbing time in group 1 was significantly shorter than that in group 2 ( t = 2.03, P＜0.05); hospital stay time in group 1 was significantly shorter than that in group 2( t = 3. 195, P＜0.0). It is concluded that interferon inhalation by PARI inhaler boy is an effective auxiliary treatment forbronchiolitis.
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AIM: To study the relationship between renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and hypertension in coal miners. METHODS: The coal miners received questionnaire investigation and their blood pressure, height and weight were measured, plasma renin activity(PRA), plasma angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ) and aldosterone(ALD) were tested by means of radioimmunoassay in coal miners with hypertension and nor-hypertension. RESULTS: It was found that levels of PRA,AngⅡ and ALD were significantly higher in hypertensive group than in nor-hypertensive group(all P